一、前言MySQL 是企业最主流关系型数据库本文采用企业稳定版MySQL5.7完整覆盖安装、初始密码获取、密码修改、开启远程连接、开机自启、防火墙放行全程无坑可直接上线。二、MySQL5.7 一键安装# 下载官方yum源 wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm # 安装源 rpm -ivh mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm # 安装数据库 yum install mysql-community-server -y三、启动服务并设置开机自启systemctl start mysqld systemctl enable mysqld四、获取初始临时密码grep password /var/log/mysqld.log五、登录并修改初始密码# 登录数据库 mysql -uroot -p # 修改密码复杂度符合规则 ALTER USER rootlocalhost IDENTIFIED BY Root123456; flush privileges;六、开启远程连接核心重点默认 root 仅本机可登录需授权外网访问# 允许所有IP连接root密码Root123456 GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO root% IDENTIFIED BY Root123456; flush privileges;七、放行防火墙3306端口firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port3306/tcp firewall-cmd --reload八、简易密码策略关闭测试环境可选set global validate_password_policy0; set global validate_password_length4;九、常用运维命令systemctl restart mysqld systemctl stop mysqld